{"id":5557,"date":"2024-01-02T04:15:57","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T01:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/es-exchange.com\/haberler\/?p=5557"},"modified":"2024-01-02T04:15:57","modified_gmt":"2024-01-02T01:15:57","slug":"euro-25-yasinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/es-exchange.com\/haberler\/?p=5557","title":{"rendered":"Euro 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\n\tAB \u00fcyesi 27 \u00fclkenin 20’sinin resmi para birimi olarak kullan\u0131lan euro, 1999’da kaydi olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015fti. Bu tarihte euro, d\u00fcnya finans piyasalar\u0131na tan\u0131t\u0131larak giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n\t3 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinin ard\u0131ndan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda tedav\u00fcle sokulan euro, 1 Ocak 2002 tarihinde banknot ve bozuk para olarak piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u015flemlerde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n\tHalihaz\u0131rda euroyu, Almanya, Avusturya, Bel\u00e7ika, Estonya, Finlandiya, Fransa, Hollanda, \u0130rlanda, \u0130spanya, \u0130talya, G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi (GKRY), Letonya, Litvanya, L\u00fcksemburg, Malta, Portekiz, Slovakya, Slovenya, Yunanistan ve H\u0131rvatistan olmak \u00fczere 20 AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclke kullan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\t“Euro B\u00f6lgesi” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu \u00fclkelerin para politikas\u0131, Avrupa Merkez Bankas\u0131 (ECB) ve \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin merkez bankalar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan Euro Sistemi taraf\u0131ndan idare ediliyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tFrankfurt merkezli ECB’nin g\u00f6revi, para birimi olarak euroyu kullanan AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerden olu\u015fan Euro B\u00f6lgesi’nde fiyat istikrar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\tBirinci g\u00f6revi, enflasyonun orta vadede y\u00fczde 2’yi a\u015fmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak Euro B\u00f6lgesi’nde fiyat istikrar\u0131n\u0131 korumak olan ECB, faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131 harcamalar\u0131 cayd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in y\u00fckselterek ya da t\u00fcketimi te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek fiyat art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tECB faiz oran\u0131 kararlar\u0131, Y\u00f6netim Kurulu’nun 6 \u00fcyesi ve 20 \u00fcye \u00fclkenin ulusal merkez bankas\u0131 ba\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bankan\u0131n Y\u00f6netim Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\tKonsey, her 6 haftada bir ekonominin ve para biriminin durumunu de\u011ferlendirmek ve para politikas\u0131 stratejisine karar vermek \u00fczere ayda 2 kez ECB’nin merkezinde toplan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuro B\u00f6lgesi bankalar\u0131n\u0131 denetlemek, mali sistemi izlemek, euro banknotlar\u0131 basmak, kartla veya \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olarak euro ile g\u00fcvenli \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak da ECB’nin di\u011fer sorumluluklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuroyu Avrupa’da yakla\u015f\u0131k 344 milyon ki\u015fi kullan\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tAvrupa Para Birimi, “ek\u00fc” ve “euro” olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan euro, \u00e7e\u015fitli renk ve boyuta sahip 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 ve 500 olmak \u00fczere 7 farkl\u0131 banknot ve 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 sent ile 1 ve 2 euro metal para olarak tedav\u00fclde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEn y\u00fcksek de\u011fere sahip olan 500 euroluk banknotlar\u0131n bas\u0131m\u0131, ter\u00f6r\u00fcn finansman\u0131na ve kara para aklamaya kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele nedeniyle 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda durduruldu.<\/p>\n

\n\tArt\u0131k g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam ve al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte kullan\u0131lamamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen 500 euroluk banknotlar banka hesaplar\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131labiliyor ve bankalardan de\u011fi\u015ftirilebiliyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tDanimarka d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn AB \u00fclkelerinin, gerekli kriterleri yerine getirmesi halinde euro para birimine ge\u00e7mesi zorunlulu\u011fu bulunuyor. Referandumla euroya ge\u00e7meyi kabul etmeyen Danimarka, AB anla\u015fmalar\u0131 gere\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn ekonomik ve uyum kriterlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu konuda mesafeli duruyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuroya en son kat\u0131l\u0131m 1 Ocak 2023 tarihinde H\u0131rvatistan’la ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken, birka\u00e7 y\u0131la kadar Bulgaristan’\u0131n da kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bekleniyor. Euro para birimine ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuruda bulunan Bulgaristan’\u0131n da 2025 ba\u015f\u0131nda Euro B\u00f6lgesi’ne girme hedefi bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuro, 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde 1 euro 1,17 dolar seviyesindeydi. Bu tarihten sonra euro, dolar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda h\u0131zla de\u011fer kaybetti. Ekim 2000’de euro 0,83 dolara kadar geriledi.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuro, 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 2008’e kadarki s\u00fcre\u00e7te dolara kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011fer kazand\u0131. 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1 euro 1,60 dolara kadar \u00e7\u0131karak rekor k\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n\t2022’de, Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131, enerji krizi, d\u00fcnya genelinde artan jeopolitik riskler ve ABD Merkez Bankas\u0131n\u0131n (Fed) \u015fahin politikalar\u0131, dolar\u0131 di\u011fer para birimleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daha de\u011ferli hale getirmi\u015f ve euro dolara kar\u015f\u0131 gerilemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\n\tFakat ECB’nin son d\u00f6nemdeki \u015fahin tutumu, euronun bu y\u0131l 2020’den beri ilk kez dolar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fer kazanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. 28 Aral\u0131k itibar\u0131yla euro\/dolar paritesi ABD Merkez Bankas\u0131n\u0131n (Fed) parasal s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yava\u015flatmas\u0131 ve Euro B\u00f6lgesi ekonomisindeki baz\u0131 iyile\u015fmelerin deste\u011fiyle bu y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 3,5 y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

\n\t2023 ba\u015f\u0131nda 1,07 olan euro dolar paritesi 29 Aral\u0131k itibar\u0131yla 1,1041 seviyelerinde seyrediyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tUluslararas\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tDolar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en fazla kullan\u0131lan ikinci rezerv para birimi konumunda bulunan euronun uluslararas\u0131 piyasalarda kullan\u0131m\u0131 da olduk\u00e7a sabit bi\u00e7imde devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tUluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) raporlar\u0131nda euro para biriminin k\u00fcresel d\u00f6viz rezervlerinin y\u00fczde 19,6’s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tYeniden tasarlan\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tECB, 22 y\u0131ldan fazla tedav\u00fclde olan euro banknotlar\u0131 “Avrupa k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne”, “ku\u015flara” ve “nehirlere” odaklanan temalarla yeniden tasarlamay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tYeni tasar\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde Euro B\u00f6lgesi’ndeki insanlardan gelecekteki banknotlar i\u00e7in olas\u0131 temalar hakk\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f toplayan ECB, yeni banknotlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve do\u011fa temal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n\tK\u00fclt\u00fcr temas\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki banknotlar an\u0131tlar\u0131, edebiyat\u0131, m\u00fczi\u011fi, bilimsel ke\u015fifleri ve icatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterecek. Do\u011fa temas\u0131, banknotlarda, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015fan nehirleri veya b\u00f6lgesel ku\u015flar\u0131n resimlerini ta\u015f\u0131yacak.<\/p>\n

\n\tYeniden tasarlanan banknotlar\u0131n tedav\u00fcle \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131n\u0131n birka\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcrmesi beklenirken, s\u00fcre\u00e7te ulusal tasar\u0131mlar i\u00e7eren madeni paralara da dokunulmayacak.<\/p>\n

\n\tECB Y\u00f6netim Konseyi, yeni banknotlar bas\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce nihai karar\u0131 verecek.<\/p>\n

\n\tDijital euro \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tECB, euro banknotlar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, kendi para biriminin dijital versiyonunu piyasaya s\u00fcrmeye de haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\tECB, dijital euronun olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik projesine 2021’de ba\u015flayarak, dijital paran\u0131n ihrac\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n\tBanka, dijital euro ihrac\u0131 projesinde Kas\u0131m 2023’ten itibaren 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir “haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131na” ge\u00e7ilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n\tECB Y\u00f6netim Konseyi, dijital euronun ihrac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik iki y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek bir “haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131na” ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k yakarken, 1 Kas\u0131m 2023’te ba\u015flayan haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131yla altyap\u0131y\u0131 geli\u015ftirecek sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesini i\u00e7eren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla potansiyel bir dijital euronun zeminini olu\u015fturuluyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tBunun yan\u0131nda, AB’de dijital euronun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sokulmas\u0131 halinde uygulanacak denetim mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ve temel yasal unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyecek bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n\tDijital euronun ne zaman \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin nihai karar\u0131 ECB alacak. Dijital Euro, ECB taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak ve halk\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k bir merkez bankas\u0131 dijital para birimi olacak.<\/p>\n

\n\tDijital euro, nakit euronun dijital uyarlamas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lacak. Kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n aksine dijital euronun arkas\u0131nda ECB bulunacak ve nakit euroda oldu\u011fu gibi tutulan her dijital euro do\u011frudan ECB taraf\u0131ndan desteklenecek.<\/p>\n

\n\tECB, dijital euronun g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini, de\u011ferini, istikrar\u0131n\u0131 ve itibar\u0131n\u0131 korurken, nakit euro ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilece\u011fini garanti edecek.<\/p>\n

\n\tDijital euro ile Avrupa \u00e7ap\u0131nda alternatif bir \u00f6deme \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc sunulacak, ki\u015fi ve i\u015fletmeler mevcut se\u00e7eneklere ilave olarak dijital euro ile \u00f6deme yapabilecek.<\/p>\n

\n\tDijital euro, Euro B\u00f6lgesi’nde geni\u015f \u00e7apta kabul g\u00f6ren, ucuz, g\u00fcvenli ve resmi para birimi haline gelecek.<\/p>\n

\n\t\u00d6te yandan, ECB, dijital euro ile Avrupa’da dijital \u00f6demeler pazar\u0131na hakim olan ABD’li \u015firketlere kar\u015f\u0131 koymay\u0131 da hedefliyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuro B\u00f6lgesi \u00fclkelerinin kamu borcu y\u00fcksek<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tEuro B\u00f6lgesi’nde kamu borcunun GSYH’ye oran\u0131, y\u0131l\u0131n ikinci \u00e7eyre\u011finde y\u00fczde 90,3 seviyesinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. Euro B\u00f6lgesi’nin toplam kamu borcu 12,6 trilyon euro seviyesini buluyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tEuro para birimini kullanan \u00fclkelerdeki y\u00fcksek kamu bor\u00e7 oranlar\u0131 dikkati \u00e7ekiyor. AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ikinci \u00e7eyre\u011finde kamu borcunun GSYH’ye oran\u0131n\u0131n en fazla oldu\u011fu \u00fclke y\u00fczde 166,5 ile Yunanistan oldu. Onu, y\u00fczde 142,4 ile \u0130talya, y\u00fczde 111,9 ile Fransa, y\u00fczde 111,2 ile \u0130spanya, y\u00fczde 110,1 ile Portekiz ve y\u00fczde 106 ile Bel\u00e7ika izledi.<\/p>\n

\n\tS\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6nemde kamu borcunun GSYH’ye oran\u0131n\u0131n en az oldu\u011fu \u00fclkeler ise y\u00fczde 18,5 ile Estonya, y\u00fczde 21,5 ile Bulgaristan ve y\u00fczde 28,2 ile L\u00fcksemburg olarak belirlendi.<\/p>\n

\n\tAB kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re, normal \u015fartlarda \u00fcye \u00fclkelerin kamu bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n, GSYH’lerinin y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7memesi gerekiyor. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uygulanacak tedbirlerin AB Komisyonu’na bildirilmesi ve etkin m\u00fccadelenin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

\n\tAncak AB \u00fclkeleri, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r kamu bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ve kemer s\u0131kma politikalar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamakta sorun ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n
ET\u0130KETLER<\/div>\n
\n Euro
\n Avrupa Merkez Bankas\u0131
\n ECB\n <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AB \u00fcyesi 27 \u00fclkenin 20’sinin resmi para birimi olarak kullan\u0131lan euro, 1999’da kaydi olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[86,935],"class_list":["post-5557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi-haberleri","tag-euro","tag-yasinda"],"yoast_head":"\nEuro 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda - Es-Exchange Ekonomi Haberleri<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/es-exchange.com\/haberler\/?p=5557\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Euro 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda - Es-Exchange Ekonomi Haberleri\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"AB \u00fcyesi 27 \u00fclkenin 20’sinin resmi para birimi olarak kullan\u0131lan euro, 1999’da kaydi olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/es-exchange.com\/haberler\/?p=5557\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Es-Exchange Ekonomi Haberleri\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-02T01:15:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"SysAdmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"SysAdmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/es-exchange.com\/haberler\/?p=5557\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/es-exchange.com\/haberler\/?p=5557\",\"name\":\"Euro 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda - 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